Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy: Distinctive Cardiac Phenotype Detected with Cardiovascular MRI

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has a broad differential diagnosis. Pathogenic variants of mitochondrial DNA are a rare cause of LVH, and cardiac MRI is a powerful technique that may aid in differentiating such rare causes. This case report presents three siblings with a pathogenic variant of the mitochondrially encoded tRNA isoleucine (MT-TI) gene. A distinctive cardiac phenotype was detected with cardiac MRI. Extensive LVH and dilatation and decreased ejection fraction were observed with a pattern of increased T2 signal and extensive late gadolinium enhancement, which was remarkably consistent among all three siblings. Keywords: Cardiomyopathies, MR Imaging, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Mitochondrial, Inherited Cardiomyopathy, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Cardiovascular MRI, Late Gadolinium Enhancement Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2023.