Self-efficacy in predicting smoking cessation: A prospective study in Italy
Silvano Gallus1, Chiara Cresci2,3,4, Vera Rigamonti1
1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Tobacco Prevention & Cessation
|May 1, 2023
Summary
Higher self-efficacy significantly predicts successful smoking cessation. Assessing self-efficacy can improve smoking dependence treatment strategies and increase quit success rates in clinical settings.
Area of Science:
- Addiction Medicine
- Behavioral Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Predicting smoking cessation success is vital for managing nicotine dependence.
- Self-efficacy is a key factor in predicting a smoker's ability to quit.
- Understanding determinants of cessation aids clinical treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze determinants of successful smoking cessation.
- To specifically investigate the role of self-efficacy in predicting quitting smoking.
- To inform clinical interventions for smoking dependence.
Main Methods:
- 478 smokers attending a hospital cessation service provided self-efficacy ratings (1-10 scale).
- Follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months assessed quit success, validated by CO measurement.
- Log-binomial models estimated relative risks (RRs) for the association between self-efficacy and quit success.
Main Results:
- Quit success rates were 47.9% at 3 months, 40.2% at 6 months, and 33.9% at 12 months.
- Compared to low self-efficacy (1-5), intermediate (6-7) and high (8-10) self-efficacy showed increased RRs of 1.40 and 1.64, respectively.
- Self-efficacy independently predicted smoking cessation success.
Conclusions:
- Self-efficacy is a significant, independent predictor of smoking cessation.
- Systematic collection of self-efficacy data can improve cessation success prediction.
- Developing strategies to enhance self-efficacy is crucial for increasing quit rates and treatment effectiveness.
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