Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

537
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
537
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

422
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
422
Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

336
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
336
Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral01:18

Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral

3.9K
Medications can be administered through the enteral route using liquids, capsules, or tablets.
Enteral administration involves drug administration via the mouth in two ways: orally or sublingually.
Unlike sublingually drugs, drugs that are taken orally pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and get metabolized by the liver. Once metabolized, the drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation, reaching different body parts via the bloodstream. However, while passing through the stomach,...
3.9K
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

655
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
655
Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview01:28

Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview

2.2K
Understanding drugs, drug products, and their performance in pharmaceutical science is pivotal. Drugs, whether simple molecules or complex compounds, are designed to interact with the body's biological systems to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases. Drug products include various delivery systems such as tablets, capsules, injections, and inhalers. The performance of these drug products is gauged by their ability to deliver the active ingredient to the desired site of action at the...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Translational nanomedicine strategies for selective senescent cell clearance in aging and age-related diseases: a critical review.

Therapeutic delivery·2026
Same author

Drug-carrier molecular incompatibility as a hidden determinant of failure in cancer nanomedicine: investigation of possible solutions.

Therapeutic delivery·2026
Same author

Role of N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid and N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Glycans in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies.

Current medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

Poly Beta-Amino Esters Nanoparticles as a Promising Strategy for Colon Cancer Therapy: Covering Synthesis Mechanisms, Characterization, Preclinical and Clinical Progress, and Regulatory Challenges.

Current medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

Therapeutic targeting of PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in colorectal cancer: tumor-intrinsic and immune checkpoint signaling.

Expert opinion on biological therapy·2026
Same author

Carboxymethyl chitosan for neurological drug delivery: Current trends and future prospects.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
09:11

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release

Published on: February 13, 2016

9.9K

Bigels; A Charismatic Drug Delivery Formulation.

Manu Singhai1, Sankha Bhattacharya2

  • 1Formulation and Development, Aurobindo Pharma Pvt. Ltd. RC-1, Unit-III, Bachupally, Hyderabad-500090, India.

Drug Metabolism and Bioanalysis Letters
|May 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Bigels, combining two gel phases, offer unique hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties for advanced drug delivery. Their versatile characteristics are driving innovation in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.

Keywords:
Bigelcontrolled drug deliveryhydrogelorganogelpharmaceutical applicationsviscous formulation

More Related Videos

Generation of Alginate Microspheres for Biomedical Applications
10:33

Generation of Alginate Microspheres for Biomedical Applications

Published on: August 12, 2012

20.9K
Slow-release Drug Delivery through Elvax 40W to the Rat Retina: Implications for the Treatment of Chronic Conditions
07:49

Slow-release Drug Delivery through Elvax 40W to the Rat Retina: Implications for the Treatment of Chronic Conditions

Published on: September 17, 2014

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
09:11

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release

Published on: February 13, 2016

9.9K
Generation of Alginate Microspheres for Biomedical Applications
10:33

Generation of Alginate Microspheres for Biomedical Applications

Published on: August 12, 2012

20.9K
Slow-release Drug Delivery through Elvax 40W to the Rat Retina: Implications for the Treatment of Chronic Conditions
07:49

Slow-release Drug Delivery through Elvax 40W to the Rat Retina: Implications for the Treatment of Chronic Conditions

Published on: September 17, 2014

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Colloid and Surface Chemistry
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Bigels represent a novel formulation class distinct from traditional gels.
  • They are created by merging two distinct gel phases (hydrogel and oleogel) under high shear rates.
  • This unique structure allows for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties within a single formulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the formulation, properties, and applications of bigels.
  • To highlight the advantages of bigels in various industries.
  • To discuss their potential as drug delivery matrices.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on bigel formulation and characterization.
  • Discussion of the synthesis of bigels from colloidal gels (e.g., water-in-water, hydrogel-in-oleogel, oleogel-in-hydrogel).
  • Analysis of key properties including mechanical, structural, thermal, physical, rheological, and electrical characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Bigels exhibit desirable properties such as improved spreadability, enhanced drug penetration, and increased stratum corneum hydration.
  • They offer controlled drug release kinetics.
  • The diverse properties of bigels make them suitable for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food applications.

Conclusions:

  • Bigels present a versatile and promising formulation platform.
  • Their unique dual properties and tunable characteristics support novel applications.
  • Ongoing research focuses on their potential as advanced drug delivery systems.