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Metacognition01:26

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Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
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Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
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Social metacognition drives willingness to commit.

Georgia E Kapetaniou1, Ophelia Deroy2, Alexander Soutschek1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
|May 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People are more willing to signal cooperation when they are less confident about predicting others' behavior. This willingness to make costly commitments is linked to confidence in social predictions.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Social cooperation is crucial but costly commitments to signal cooperativeness are not fully understood.
  • Understanding the drivers of costly signaling in social interactions is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of subjective confidence in predicting others' behavior on costly social commitments.
  • To explore the causal link between predictability, confidence, and commitment.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using a prisoner's dilemma game.
  • Participants could incur monetary costs to signal intentions to a co-player.
  • Experimental manipulation altered the predictability of others' actions.

Main Results:

  • Lower confidence in predicting a co-player's intentions was associated with increased willingness for costly commitment.
  • Experimentally reducing predictability causally motivated commitment decisions.
  • Participants demonstrated metacognitive awareness of their prediction accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Subjective confidence, particularly low confidence, plays a significant role in motivating costly social commitments.
  • Metacognitive processes and confidence representations are vital for navigating social interactions.
  • Findings advance understanding of decision-making in cooperative contexts.