Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

6.3K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K
Nondisjunction01:21

Nondisjunction

3.9K
Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...
3.9K
Current Trends in Nursing I01:28

Current Trends in Nursing I

1.5K
Current trends in nursing include:
1.5K
Meiosis vs. Mitosis02:57

Meiosis vs. Mitosis

57.3K
Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
Before the start of mitosis and meiosis I, the cell synthesizes DNA, resulting in two homologous copies of each chromosome. DNA synthesis is...
57.3K
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

403
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
403
Current Trends in Nursing II01:30

Current Trends in Nursing II

1.3K
Trends in nursing are multifactorial and associated with changes in society, within the nursing profession, and in other professions. Notably, telehealth and remote nursing contribute to successful healthcare delivery for numerous patients and help reduce stress for nurses due to nursing shortages. Nurses can reach patients, monitor their conditions, and interact with them using computers, audio, visual accessories, and telephones—for example, remote patient monitoring systems. Likewise,...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Increasing and inequitable US pregnancy-related mortality ratios among non-Hispanic Black and White women, 2000-2019.

American journal of epidemiology·2026
Same author

Provider Adaptations to Legislative Efforts to Ban Gender-Affirming Care for Adolescents.

The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine·2025
Same author

A web of risk: multilevel factors and feedback loops (re)produce HIV 'risk' among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men - a global systematic review.

Journal of epidemiology and community health·2025
Same author

Administrative Claims Data Show Increased Morbidity Risk For US Adults In Same-Sex Versus Different-Sex Relationships.

Health affairs (Project Hope)·2025
Same author

Weapon victimization and long-term cardiovascular disease risk.

Social science & medicine (1982)·2025
Same author

Long-term Economic Distress and Growing Educational Inequity in Life Expectancy.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
14:43

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting

Published on: January 12, 2018

11.9K

Trend Toward Older Maternal Age Contributed To Growing Racial Inequity In Very-Low-Birthweight Infants In The US.

Arline T Geronimus1, John Bound2, Landon Hughes3

  • 1Arline T. Geronimus (arline@umich.edu), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Health Affairs (Project Hope)
|May 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older maternal age at first birth disproportionately increases the risk of very-low-birthweight infants for Black mothers compared to White mothers. This shift in childbirth timing widens racial health inequities and dampens infant mortality reductions.

More Related Videos

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
03:35

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: December 1, 2023

343
A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
06:19

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

10.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 31, 2025

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
14:43

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting

Published on: January 12, 2018

11.9K
Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
03:35

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: December 1, 2023

343
A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
06:19

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

10.4K

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Health Equity
  • Perinatal Epidemiology

Background:

  • US women are increasingly having children later in life, with women in their thirties now having more births than those in their twenties.
  • A shift towards older maternal age at first birth has been observed, raising concerns about potential impacts on infant health and racial disparities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the effect of the distributional shift to older maternal ages at first birth on health inequity between Black and White infants.
  • To quantify the impact of this demographic shift on the incidence of very-low-birthweight (VLBW) infants and infant mortality rates.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of US vital statistics data from 1989-2019.
  • Simulation modeling to assess the impact of maternal age at first birth on VLBW infant risk and infant mortality.
  • Statistical adjustment for maternal socioeconomic indicators.

Main Results:

  • The shift to older maternal ages increased the relative odds of VLBW infants by 10% for White women and 19% for Black women, net of socioeconomic factors.
  • This age shift largely explains the observed rise in VLBW incidence and the widening racial inequity in VLBW rates.
  • The benefits of declining infant mortality were diminished, particularly for Black infants, due to the maternal age shift, thus exacerbating Black-White inequities.

Conclusions:

  • The trend of increasing maternal age at first birth significantly contributes to racial disparities in infant health, specifically VLBW.
  • Policy interventions promoting reproductive justice are crucial, including universal tertiary care, increased maternity care provider access, comprehensive maternal support, and expanded family policies.
  • A "centering on the margins" approach is recommended, considering the lived experiences of high-risk populations and the concept of maternal weathering due to structural racism.