Multicentric Giant Cell Tumor of Bone
Orthopedics
|May 1, 2023
Summary
Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone, though rare, presents aggressively like solitary tumors. Patients require monitoring for new lesions, particularly in the same limb, due to a high recurrence rate.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Oncology
- Bone Pathology
Background:
- Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) typically presents as a solitary lesion in the meta-epiphyseal region of long bones.
- Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone (MGCTB), involving multiple distinct GCTB sites in one patient, is exceptionally rare.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report on 7 patients diagnosed with multicentric giant cell tumor of bone.
- To evaluate the clinical and radiologic behavior of MGCTB.
- To analyze recurrence patterns and metastatic potential of MGCTB.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical and radiologic features of 7 MGCTB patients.
- Immunohistochemistry and H3F3A gene analysis for diagnostic confirmation.
- Surgical management (curettage or resection) and long-term follow-up (median 194 months).
Main Results:
- The knee was the most frequent site of involvement, with most lesions in the ipsilateral extremity.
- Five out of 7 patients (71%) experienced local recurrence.
- The risk of local recurrence per treated lesion was 33% (5/15 lesions); no lung metastases were observed.
Conclusions:
- Multicentric giant cell tumor of bone demonstrates aggressive behavior similar to solitary GCTB.
- Patients with MGCTB necessitate vigilant monitoring for additional lesions, especially in the ipsilateral extremity.
- Early detection and management are crucial for improving outcomes in MGCTB patients.
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