Arthroscopic Excision of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Trochanteric Bursa

Trochanteric bursitis is a common disorder affecting middle-aged adults and usually presents with lateral-based hip pain and swelling. It usually responds to conservative measures, including adductor stretching, abductor strengthening, and select injections of corticosteroid or platelet-rich plasma. For refractory cases, excision, open or arthroscopic, is usually recommended. We observed a 55-year-old woman who had lateral hip pain and longstanding swelling consistent with refractory trochanteric bursitis. Her persistent symptoms, coupled with atypical findings on imaging, prompted an arthroscopic evaluation. Arthroscopic examination of the peritrochanteric space revealed a fulminant bursal inflammation that pierced through the iliotibial band. The bursal inflammation was excised arthroscopically and biopsy of the tissue revealed a diagnosis of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS). The patient had an uneventful recovery and had a full resolution of symptoms with no recurrence noted at 3-year follow-up. This is the first reported case of arthroscopic excision of PVNS of the trochanteric bursa. Given that it may mimic trochanteric bursitis, it is important for clinicians to be aware of the possibility of this progressive condition for appropriate clinical intervention. [Orthopedics. 2023;46(6):e381-e383.].