Effect of Electrical Stimulation on Nerve-Guided Facial Nerve Regeneration

This study aimed to investigate the effect of electrical stimulation on poly(d,l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) in promoting the recovery of facial function and nerve regeneration after facial nerve (FN) injury in a rat model. In the experimental group, both the NGC and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (ES) were used simultaneously; in the control group, only NGC was used. ES groups were divided into two groups, and direct current (DC) and charge-balanced pulse stimulation (Pulse) were applied. The ES groups showed significantly improved whisker movement than the NGC-only group. The number of myelinated neurons was higher in ES groups, and the myelin sheath was also thicker and more uniform. In addition, the expression of neurostructural proteins was also higher in ES groups than in the NGC-only group. This study revealed that FN regeneration and functional recovery occurred more efficiently when ES was applied in combination with NGCs.