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Updated: Jul 31, 2025

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A Next-generation Tissue Microarray ngTMA Protocol for Biomarker Studies
Published on: September 23, 2014
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TMA-Mate: An open-source modular toolkit for constructing tissue microarrays of arbitrary layouts
Nikolaos Pazaitis1, Alexandra Kaiser1
1Institute of Pathology 'Georg Schmorl', Municipal Hospital Dresden, Campus Friedrichstadt, Friedrichstrasse 41, 01067 Dresden, Germany.
Hardwarex
|May 2, 2023
Summary
This study introduces the TMA-Mate, an affordable, open-source 3D printable toolkit for creating high-density tissue microarrays (TMAs). This innovation streamlines histological analysis by enabling simultaneous processing of numerous samples, reducing labor and costs for pathology labs.
Area of Science:
- Histopathology and Biomedical Research
- Biotechnology and Medical Device Development
Background:
- Microscopic analysis of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues is crucial for biomedical research and quality control.
- Processing numerous FFPE samples individually is labor-intensive and often impractical.
- Tissue microarrays (TMAs) offer a high-throughput solution for analyzing multiple samples simultaneously, reducing costs and improving comparability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present the TMA-Mate, an open-source, 3D-printable modular toolkit for constructing high-density TMAs.
- To provide an affordable, accessible, and flexible solution for TMA fabrication, particularly for resource-constrained laboratories.
- To facilitate the integration of TMA technology into existing histology workflows.
Main Methods:
- Development of an open-source, 3D-printable modular toolkit (TMA-Mate).
- Design focused on affordability, lightweight construction, and ease of use.
- Inclusion of step-by-step demonstrations for hardware replication and TMA construction.
Main Results:
- The TMA-Mate enables the construction of high-density TMAs with arbitrary layouts.
- The toolkit offers a cost-effective and accessible alternative to commercial TMA solutions.
- The open-source nature allows for customization and adaptation to specific laboratory needs.
Conclusions:
- The TMA-Mate provides a practical and economical method for implementing TMA technology in pathology and research settings.
- This toolkit democratizes TMA fabrication, making high-throughput tissue analysis more accessible.
- The TMA-Mate supports efficient histological processing, reducing labor, costs, and sample consumption.

