Placenta Accreta Spectrum and Postpartum Hemorrhage.

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

• Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is characterized by abnormal trophoblastic invasion into the uterine wall.
• PAS is a leading cause of severe maternal morbidity and mortality.
• The incidence of PAS has risen, linked to increased cesarean delivery rates.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize the key aspects of placenta accreta spectrum.
• To highlight diagnostic modalities and management strategies for PAS.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on placenta accreta spectrum.
• Synthesis of information regarding diagnosis and management.

Main Results:

• PAS severity ranges from superficial invasion to deep myometrial and serosal penetration (percreta).
• Ultrasound is the primary diagnostic tool, with MRI used for detailed assessment.
• Hysterectomy at delivery is a common management approach, with alternatives like delayed hysterectomy or expectant management.

Conclusions:

• Placenta accreta spectrum requires careful diagnosis and management planning.
• Management strategies should be tailored to individual patient cases and severity of invasion.