Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Facial Feedback Hypothesis01:24

Facial Feedback Hypothesis

199
Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role...
199
Emotional Expression01:26

Emotional Expression

306
Emotional expression encompasses how individuals convey their emotions through verbal communication and non-verbal cues. These non-verbal actions include facial expressions, body language, and physical gestures, such as frowning or smiling. Among these, facial expressions play a crucial role in emotional expression and are understood universally, indicating a biological basis for how humans communicate emotions.
Universal Facial Expressions
Psychologist Paul Ekman identified seven basic...
306
Muscles for Facial Expressions01:14

Muscles for Facial Expressions

2.3K
The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
2.3K
Therapeutic Communication01:30

Therapeutic Communication

4.6K
Communication is a lifelong learning process. Through therapeutic communication, nurses can collect relevant assessment data, provide education and counseling, and interact during nursing interventions. Sending and receiving messages occur through verbal and nonverbal communication techniques and can happen separately or simultaneously.
Verbal communication depends on language or a prescribed way of using words so that people can share information effectively. The critical aspects of verbal...
4.6K
Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion01:20

Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion

500
Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer proposed the two-factor theory of emotion, which emphasizes the interplay between physiological arousal and cognitive labeling in forming emotional experiences. This theory suggests that emotions are not simply a result of physiological responses but rather a combination of these responses and the individual's cognitive interpretation of them.
Physiological Arousal and Cognitive Labeling
According to this theory, when an individual experiences...
500
Physiology of Emotion01:20

Physiology of Emotion

1.1K
The physiology of emotions is a multifaceted process involving the autonomic nervous system, brain structures, hormones, and neurotransmitters. This intricate interplay dictates how emotions manifest in the body and influence behavior.
Autonomic Nervous System
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a critical role in emotional responses by regulating involuntary physiological functions. It consists of two main components: the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. The sympathetic system...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Acute Stroke Severity Assessment: The Impact of Lesion Size and Functional Connectivity.

Brain sciences·2025
Same author

Normative connectome-based analysis of sensorimotor deficits in acute subcortical stroke.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2024
Same author

Connecting the dots: Motor and default mode network crossroads in post-stroke motor learning deficits.

NeuroImage. Clinical·2024
Same author

Selective zygomaticus muscle activation by ball electrodes in synkinetically reinnervated patients after facial paralysis.

Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences·2023
Same author

Reward network dysfunction is associated with cognitive impairment after stroke.

NeuroImage. Clinical·2023
Same author

[Clinical trials as a central part of patient-centered clinical research].

Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)·2023
Same journal

Laryngo- rhino- otologie·2026
Same journal

Laryngo- rhino- otologie·2026
Same journal

Laryngo- rhino- otologie·2026
Same journal

[Otitis media - update on clinical presentation, diagnosis and therapy].

Laryngo- rhino- otologie·2026
Same journal

[Diagnostic error "acute otitis media"].

Laryngo- rhino- otologie·2026
Same journal

[Pharyngeal high‑resolution manometry: techniques and applications].

Laryngo- rhino- otologie·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Protocol for Data Collection and Analysis Applied to Automated Facial Expression Analysis Technology and Temporal Analysis for Sensory Evaluation
07:12

Protocol for Data Collection and Analysis Applied to Automated Facial Expression Analysis Technology and Temporal Analysis for Sensory Evaluation

Published on: August 26, 2016

9.5K

Facial expression and emotion.

Carsten M Klingner1,2, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius3

  • 1Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Germany.

Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie
|May 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human facial expressions convey emotions universally, yet cultural nuances exist. Computer analysis of fleeting microexpressions, often missed by humans, is a growing area of research, particularly for security applications.

More Related Videos

Using Facial Electromyography to Assess Facial Muscle Reactions to Experienced and Observed Affective Touch in Humans
04:27

Using Facial Electromyography to Assess Facial Muscle Reactions to Experienced and Observed Affective Touch in Humans

Published on: March 15, 2019

11.2K
Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury
05:51

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: May 15, 2016

9.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Protocol for Data Collection and Analysis Applied to Automated Facial Expression Analysis Technology and Temporal Analysis for Sensory Evaluation
07:12

Protocol for Data Collection and Analysis Applied to Automated Facial Expression Analysis Technology and Temporal Analysis for Sensory Evaluation

Published on: August 26, 2016

9.5K
Using Facial Electromyography to Assess Facial Muscle Reactions to Experienced and Observed Affective Touch in Humans
04:27

Using Facial Electromyography to Assess Facial Muscle Reactions to Experienced and Observed Affective Touch in Humans

Published on: March 15, 2019

11.2K
Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury
05:51

Exploring the Use of Isolated Expressions and Film Clips to Evaluate Emotion Recognition by People with Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: May 15, 2016

9.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Computer Science

Background:

  • Facial expressions are key to human emotion communication, showing cross-cultural similarities and mammalian commonalities, suggesting a genetic basis.
  • Complex cerebral networks govern emotion recognition and expression, with disruptions leading to neurological and psychiatric disorders.
  • Mask-wearing and the ability to fake emotions complicate direct emotional signaling, highlighting the significance of subtle cues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of human facial expressions and their link to emotions.
  • To explore the interplay between innate emotional expressions, cultural influences, and neurological factors.
  • To discuss the potential and applications of automated microexpression analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on facial expressions, emotion recognition, and neurological underpinnings.
  • Analysis of studies investigating cultural variations in emotional expression.
  • Examination of research on microexpressions and their detection via computer-aided systems.

Main Results:

  • Basic emotion expressions show remarkable cross-cultural consistency, hinting at shared evolutionary origins.
  • Neurological and psychiatric conditions can impair the accurate expression and recognition of emotions.
  • Microexpressions, brief and often imperceptible facial movements, offer a window into true emotions and are amenable to computational analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Facial expressions are a complex interplay of genetic predispositions and cultural learning.
  • The study of microexpressions presents promising avenues for both scientific understanding and practical applications, including security.
  • Further research into the neural basis and computational detection of facial expressions is warranted.