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Updated: Jul 31, 2025
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Published on: February 5, 2020
Toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic study.
Xiangyi Kong1,2, Li Chen1,3, Zhaohui Su4
1Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Cancer immunotherapy using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors shows lower risks for some toxicities but higher risks for others like respiratory issues. Overall, these inhibitors appear safer than traditional chemotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunotherapy
- Pharmacovigilance
Background:
- Cancer immunotherapies, including programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, are associated with specific toxicities.
- Existing evidence suggests a 0.3% to 1.3% incidence rate for these PD-1/PD-L1 related toxicities.
Conclusions:
- PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors demonstrated general safety compared to conventional chemotherapy and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors.
- Limitations include study-level analysis and potential overlap in toxicity definitions (CTCAE), hindering precise rate understanding.
- Future research should focus on targeted measures to mitigate specific toxicities in diverse patient populations.
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