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Dynamic adjustable metalens based on a stretchable substrate with a double-layer metal microstructure.

Xiangjun Li, Yang Zhao, Dexian Yan

|May 3, 2023

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Researchers designed a novel dynamic focusing metalens using a stretchable substrate. This terahertz metalens allows adjustable focal length and bifocal capabilities by stretching, offering a wider focal length control range.

Area of Science:

Metamaterials and Optics
Terahertz Technology
Nanophotonics

Background:

Metalenses offer miniaturized optical components with tunable functionalities.
Achieving dynamic focusing and multifocal capabilities in metalenses remains a challenge.
Stretchable substrates provide a promising platform for reconfigurable optical devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and demonstrate a double-layer metal structure dynamical focusing cylindrical metalens on a stretchable substrate.
To investigate the dynamic focusing properties and efficiency of the metalens under substrate stretching.
To explore the potential for bifocal metalens with adjustable focal length control.

Main Methods:

Utilized impedance-matching theory for metalens design.

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Employed double-layer metal structures with unit cells whose transmission phase is tunable (0-2π) by altering metal bar dimensions.

Spatially arranged unit cells to create the designed phase profile for the metalens.

Simulated the metalens performance under varying substrate stretching (100%-140%).

Main Results:

The metalens exhibited a dynamic focusing range of approximately 117.6% of its minimum focal length (39.3 mm to 85.5 mm).
Focusing efficiency decreased from 49.2% to 27.9% with increased stretching.
A dynamically adjustable bifocal metalens was numerically realized, offering a larger focal length control range compared to single-focus metalenses.

Conclusions:

The designed stretchable metalens enables dynamic focusing at 0.1 THz.
Substrate stretching provides an effective method for tuning the focal length of the metalens.
The bifocal metalens configuration enhances the tunability and control over focal properties.