Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 31, 2025
Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Published on: January 9, 2015
Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Etiology, neuropathology, and cognitive dysfunction
Baland Jalal1,2, Samuel R Chamberlain3,4, Barbara J Sahakian1,2
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
Background:
This review provides an overview of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, including the four partially distinct subtypes of the disorder, current diagnostic criteria, and common comorbidities. Critically, it focuses on the etiology of OCD, including its underlying neuropathology, and examines cognitive dysfunction in OCD.
Methods:
This review study was conducted by library method.
Results:
We show how dysfunction in cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuits may underpin symptoms; and shed light on the putative neurochemistry within these loops such as the role of serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate systems. We also show how OCD is characterized by cognitive dysfunction including problems in cognitive flexibility, visuospatial memory, response inhibition, and goal-directed behavior, linked to aberrant activity within CSTC circuits.
Conclusions:
In brief, research questions we shed light on include (1) what are the symptoms in OCD; (2) what is the etiology of the disorder and do existing models explain OCD; and (3) what are key cognitive deficits in OCD and do these improve with treatment?
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