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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

53.7K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

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Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
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Glassware Calibration01:11

Glassware Calibration

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Accurate calibration of glassware, such as volumetric flasks, pipettes, and burettes, is essential to ensure accurate measurements in the analytical laboratory. Calibration helps maintain consistency across measurements and prevents errors arising from inaccurate volumes.
Volumetric flasks: Volumetric flasks are designed to prepare aqueous solutions of precise volumes accurately with a calibration line on the neck. To calibrate a volumetric flask, it is important to fill it with distilled...
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Visual System01:26

Visual System

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Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
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Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

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Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
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Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

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Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
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Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

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Calibrating Vision: Concepts and Questions.

Jenny M Bosten1, Ruben Coen-Cagli2, Anna Franklin1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Sussex, UK.

Vision Research
|May 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual processing adapts through experience, a concept known as calibration. This review explores how visual coding and perception plasticity are fundamental to vision, yet remain poorly understood.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Visual processing is shaped by experience and environmental changes.
  • The mechanisms underlying visual calibration are not fully understood.
  • Plasticity in visual encoding and representation is a key aspect of visual processing.

Approach:

  • Review of existing literature on visual calibration.
  • Focus on plasticity in encoding and representational stages.
  • Examination of how calibration interacts with sensory coding principles.

Key Points:

  • Understanding the types and decision criteria for visual calibrations.
  • Investigating the integration of encoding plasticity with sensory coding.
  • Exploring the neural instantiation of calibration in dynamic visual networks.
  • Analyzing variations in calibration across development and individuals.
  • Identifying factors limiting the extent and form of visual adjustments.

Conclusions:

  • Visual calibration is a fundamental yet incompletely understood dimension of vision.
  • Ongoing calibrations are pervasive and essential for visual perception.
  • Further research is needed to resolve questions about the mechanisms and necessity of visual calibration.