[Intramedullary schwannoma with extradural extension: case report]

Area of Science:

• Neuro-oncology
• Spinal Cord Pathology
• Neurosurgery

Background:

• Intramedullary schwannomas, tumors arising from Schwann cells within the spinal cord, are exceptionally rare.
• This case involves a patient diagnosed with an intramedullary schwannoma without associated von Recklinghausen's disease, a condition typically linked to such tumors.

Observation:

• A 42-year-old woman presented with transverse myelopathy and imaging revealed diffuse thoracic cord swelling, syrinx formation, and an intramedullary tumor at the Th 7-8 level.
• The tumor extended into extramedullary and extradural spaces, necessitating surgical intervention.

Findings:

• Histopathological examination confirmed the tumor as an Antoni A type neurinoma (schwannoma).
• Complete surgical resection of the well-encapsulated tumor was achieved.
• The patient demonstrated a positive clinical outcome and good recovery post-surgery.

Implications:

• This case contributes to the limited literature on intramedullary schwannomas, emphasizing their rarity and diverse presentation.
• Understanding the potential cytogenesis of these tumors, including theories on Schwann cell displacement or aberrant nerve fiber ensheathment, is crucial.
• Accurate preoperative diagnosis and complete surgical excision are vital for favorable patient outcomes in managing these rare spinal cord neoplasms.