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Characterization of staphylococci using the API 20E system.

L Hofherr, M E Lund

    The American Journal of Medical Technology
    |February 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The API 20E system effectively differentiates coagulase-negative staphylococci and Micrococcus species based on biochemical reactions. Specific tests like ONPG and mannitol aid in identifying Staphylococcus subgroups and S. aureus strains.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Bacteriology
    • Clinical Diagnostics

    Background:

    • Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) and Micrococcus species are common bacteria.
    • Accurate identification is crucial for clinical and epidemiological purposes.
    • The API 20E system offers a standardized method for bacterial characterization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of the API 20E system in differentiating various staphylococcal and micrococcal species and subgroups.
    • To identify key biochemical markers for distinguishing between closely related bacterial groups.

    Main Methods:

    • Testing of 54 CoNS strains, 5 coagulase-positive staphylococci, and 7 Micrococcus species using the API 20E system.
    • Incubation for 48 hours to observe differential biochemical reactions.

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  • Analysis of results based on specific substrate utilization and enzyme production.

    • Main Results:

    • The API 20E system successfully separated staphylococci and micrococci species and subgroups.
    • Staphylococcus saprophyticus subgroup 3 showed positive results for ONPG and mannitol.
    • Staphylococcus epidermidis subgroups 1 and 4 exhibited distinct patterns for arginine dihydrolase (ADH), mannitol, and arabinose.
    • Staphylococcus aureus (coagulase-negative and positive) could be differentiated by ONPG, ADH, and mannitol reactions.
    • Most staphylococci utilized nitrates, urea, glucose, and sucrose, while micrococci showed varied and weaker reactions.

    Conclusions:

    • The API 20E system is a valuable tool for the biochemical differentiation of staphylococci and micrococci.
    • Specific substrate profiles, including ONPG, mannitol, and ADH, are key identifiers for Staphylococcus subgroups and S. aureus.
    • The system provides reliable results for routine microbiological identification.