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Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring01:23

Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring

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Holter monitoring is a continuous electrocardiography (ECG) recording that tracks the heart's electrical activity over an extended period, generally 24 to 48 hours. This noninvasive diagnostic tool detects irregular heart rhythms that may not be captured during a standard ECG performed in a clinical setting.DeviceThe Holter monitor is a portable, small device connected to several electrodes on the patient's chest. These electrodes detect the heart's electrical signals and transmit them to the...
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Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Assessing the Accuracy of Fitness Smartwatch Data for Cardiovascular and Physical Activity Monitoring: A Validation Study in Digital Health
05:51

Assessing the Accuracy of Fitness Smartwatch Data for Cardiovascular and Physical Activity Monitoring: A Validation Study in Digital Health

Published on: February 21, 2025

574

Detecting Medication-Taking Gestures Using Machine Learning and Accelerometer Data Collected via Smartwatch

Chrisogonas Odero Odhiambo1, Lukacs Ablonczy2, Pamela J Wright3

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.

JMIR Human Factors
|May 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Smartwatch sensors can accurately detect medication-taking gestures using an artificial neural network (ANN). This technology offers a nonintrusive method to monitor medication adherence, addressing a key public health challenge.

Keywords:
automated pattern recognitiondigital biomarkersdigital signal processingecological momentary assessmentmachine learningmedication adherenceneural networks

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Medication adherence is a significant global public health issue, with approximately 50% of patients not following their prescribed regimens.
  • While medication reminders exist, objectively verifying if medication was taken remains a challenge.
  • Smartwatch technology presents a novel opportunity for unobtrusive, automatic detection of medication-taking events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of using smartwatches to detect natural medication-taking gestures.
  • To develop and evaluate a machine learning model for identifying medication intake from sensor data.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 28 participants who recorded scripted and natural medication-taking events over 5 days.
  • Collected accelerometer data at 25 Hz from smartwatches during these events.
  • Trained an artificial neural network (ANN) using validated medication-taking data, alongside data from other activities like eating and smoking.

Main Results:

  • The trained ANN achieved high performance, with average true-positive and true-negative rates of 96.5% and 94.5%, respectively.
  • The model demonstrated a classification error of less than 5% for medication-taking gestures.
  • The study successfully validated smartwatch data against self-reports for accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Smartwatch technology shows potential for accurately and nonintrusively monitoring medication-taking behaviors.
  • Further research is needed to explore the use of sensing devices and machine learning for improving medication adherence.