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Brain trace elements in Alzheimer's disease.

W D Ehmann, W R Markesbery, M Alauddin

    Neurotoxicology
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains show altered trace element levels, specifically higher bromine (Br) and mercury (Hg), and lower rubidium (Rb) compared to controls. These findings suggest a potential role for trace elements in AD etiology.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biochemistry
    • Analytical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
    • Trace element dysregulation is implicated in various neurological conditions.
    • Understanding elemental changes in AD brain tissue is crucial for etiological insights.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify elemental concentrations in brain regions of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.
    • To compare elemental profiles between AD and age-matched control brains.
    • To investigate the potential etiological role of trace elements in AD.

    Main Methods:

    • Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was employed.
    • Analysis of 16 elements in brain specimens (gray and white matter) from AD and control patients.

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  • Statistical analysis to identify significant differences in elemental concentrations.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant differences in Br, Cl, Cs, Hg, N, Na, P, and Rb concentrations were found in AD brains.
    • Elevated Br and Hg, and depleted Rb were the most consistent findings in AD.
    • No significant differences were observed for Ag, Co, Cr, Fe, K, Sb, Sc, and Se.

    Conclusions:

    • Trace element imbalances, particularly Br, Hg, and Rb, are associated with Alzheimer's disease.
    • The observed elemental alterations warrant further investigation into their etiological role in AD.
    • These findings may open new avenues for AD biomarker discovery and therapeutic strategies.