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A data-driven approach to quantify disparities in power outages.

Arkaprabha Bhattacharyya1, Makarand Hastak2

  • 1Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Dr., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. bhatta23@purdue.edu.

Scientific Reports
|May 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals disparities in power outage experiences across different ZIP codes. Lower-income areas and those with a higher White population faced more frequent and severe outages, while areas with critical facilities experienced shorter durations.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Public Policy
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Power outages disproportionately affect communities, necessitating an understanding of underlying factors.
  • Investor-Owned Utilities (IOUs) manage critical infrastructure, and their outage management practices can have significant societal impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a data-driven methodology for identifying disparities in utility outage management.
  • To investigate the influence of critical facilities, socioeconomic status, and demographics on power outage experiences.

Main Methods:

  • Collected and analyzed 5 years of power outage data across 36 ZIP codes.
  • Normalized outage data by population density and applied K-means clustering to identify distinct ZIP code clusters.
  • Utilized Generalized Linear Models to assess the impact of critical facilities and socioeconomic/demographic factors on outage parameters.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant differences in outage frequency, customer impact, and duration were observed across ZIP code clusters.
  • ZIP codes with critical facilities experienced shorter annual outage durations.
  • Lower median household income ZIP codes reported higher outage counts, while ZIP codes with a higher percentage of White residents experienced more severe outages affecting more customers.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates significant disparities in power outage experiences linked to socioeconomic and demographic factors.
  • The presence of critical facilities appears to mitigate outage duration, highlighting potential areas for infrastructure investment and policy focus.
  • Findings underscore the need for equitable outage management strategies to address differential community impacts.