Rationally Designed Eco-Friendly Solvent System for High-Performance, Large-Area Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy
• Chemical Engineering

Background:

• Mass production of perovskite solar modules requires large-area, high-quality perovskite film fabrication using eco-friendly methods.
• Developing scalable, environmentally benign solvent systems for perovskite films remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop an eco-friendly solvent/co-solvent system for producing high-quality perovskite layers suitable for large-area fabrication.
• To investigate the efficacy of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) as a co-solvent/additive in perovskite film formation.

Main Methods:

• Development of an eco-friendly solvent/co-solvent system utilizing methylsulfonylmethane (MSM).
• Fabrication of perovskite films using an antisolvent bathing method with the MSM-based system.
• Characterization of perovskite solar cells and modules, including efficiency and stability tests.

Main Results:

• The MSM co-solvent system enhanced perovskite precursor solubility and binding strength, yielding high-quality films.
• Perovskite solar cells achieved over 24% power conversion efficiency (reverse scan) with good long-term stability.
• Large-area perovskite solar modules demonstrated high power conversion efficiencies of 19.9% (aperture) and 21.2% (active area).

Conclusions:

• Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is an effective eco-friendly co-solvent for scalable perovskite solar module production.
• The developed method enables efficient perovskite film formation under various conditions, including low-temperature and high-humidity.
• This work represents a significant step towards the mass production of eco-friendly and efficient perovskite solar modules.