A 2-yr Randomized Controlled Trial on Creatine Supplementation during Exercise for Postmenopausal Bone Health

Area of Science:

• Exercise Science
• Nutritional Biochemistry
• Gerontology

Background:

• Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a significant health concern, characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk.
• Creatine monohydrate is a popular supplement known for enhancing muscle performance, but its effects on bone health in women are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the long-term effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation combined with a structured exercise program on bone health in postmenopausal women.
• To assess changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and proximal femur geometric properties.

Main Methods:

• A 2-year randomized controlled trial involving 237 postmenopausal women.
• Participants received either creatine monohydrate (0.14 g·kg-1·d-1) or a placebo.
• A concurrent exercise program included resistance training (3 d·wk-1) and walking (6 d·wk-1).

Main Results:

• Creatine supplementation showed no significant effect on femoral neck, total hip, or lumbar spine BMD compared to placebo.
• However, creatine significantly improved section modulus and buckling ratio at the femoral neck, indicating better bone strength and resistance to fracture.
• Creatine supplementation reduced walking time over 80 meters and increased lean tissue mass in completers, but did not enhance muscular strength.

Conclusions:

• Two years of creatine supplementation and exercise in postmenopausal women did not alter BMD.
• Creatine supplementation, however, positively influenced bone geometric properties, suggesting a potential role in maintaining bone structural integrity.
• Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms and clinical implications of these findings.