[Prognostic value of residual disease detection in acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype and negative
Samiha Jaddaoui1, Hanaa Bencharef1, Sara Addakiri1
1Université Hassan II de la Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Laboratoire d'Hématologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
Introduction:
Complete remission (CR) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still morphologicaly defined, thus corresponding to a wide range of tumor burden.
Objectives:
we aimed to evaluate the residual disease (MRD) status in patients with AML, as well as perform a molecular analysis of the FLT3/ITD gene in patients with normal karyotype.
Material And Methods:
adult patients with AML, diagnosed according to the WHO 2016 criteria, were included. MRD was detected using flow cytometric techniques after induction treatment resulting in CR.
Results:
thirty patients met our inclusion criteria. 83 % of them had an intermediate risk status, 67 % of which (20/30) having a normal karyotype. MRD and leukemic stem cell (LSC) positivity in this group was predominant with considerable decrease in benign progenitor count. The relapse-free survival (RFS) in the group of MRD negative patients with normal cytogenetics and non-mutated FLT3 gene was better than the RFS in all of our patients studied.
Conclusion:
MRD and LSC are powerful prognostic factors for relapse. They should be routinely integrated to guide better management of AML.
