Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model

833
Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...
833
Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In vitro01:16

Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In vitro

270
In vitro experiments are crucial for understanding the transport and absorption of drugs through biological materials. These studies employ varied methods such as the diffusion cell method, the everted sac technique, and the everted ring technique.
The diffusion cell method uses a two-compartment cell, including a donor compartment with the drug solution, which simulates the environment where the drug is applied, and a receptor compartment with a buffer solution, which simulates the environment...
270
Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In situ01:09

Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In situ

279
In situ experiments, such as the Doluisio method and Single-Pass Perfusion technique, provide critical insights into drug uptake by simulating in vivo conditions for drug absorption.
The Doluisio method involves perfusing a prepared segment of a rat's small intestine with a solution of radiolabeled drug and a non-absorbable marker. This helps to differentiate between absorbed and non-absorbed drug concentrations. The intestinal segment is connected at both ends using tubing and syringes,...
279
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution01:27

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Drug Dissolution

619
The pharmacokinetic journey of drugs from solid oral dosage forms into systemic circulation is multifaceted. It begins with disintegration, a prerequisite ensuring a solid dosage form's subdivision into minute particles. Dissolution occurs next as these granulated entities solubilize in gastrointestinal fluids. This solubilization is crucial for the succeeding stage, permeation, which describes the traversal of the drug across the intestinal membrane and its subsequent entry into the blood...
619
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

241
Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
241
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug pKa, Lipophilicity and GI pH01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug pKa, Lipophilicity and GI pH

1.6K
Drug absorption within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex process influenced by several critical factors, including the site pH, the drug's dissociation constant (pKa), and the drug's lipophilicity. The GI tract exhibits a pH gradient, with an acidic environment in the stomach and a more alkaline environment in the small intestine. This pH variation directly affects the ionization state of drugs.
A drug's pKa and the pH of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract play crucial roles...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Internal urethrotomy versus Optilume™ drug-coated balloon dilatation for the management of anterior urethral strictures: morbidity comparison of the techniques.

World journal of urology·2026
Same author

Impact of hydrophobic ion pair type and self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems composition on the oral delivery of salmon calcitonin.

Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society·2026
Same author

Outcomes of patients undergoing Optilume<sup>®</sup> drug-coated balloon for different locations of urethral strictures: results from a multicenter cohort.

World journal of urology·2026
Same author

Development of a model to predict nicotine pharmacokinetics from oral nicotine pouches.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Enhanced encapsulation and membrane retention of <i>Teleogryllus mitratus</i> protein via hydrophobic ion-pairing in nanostructured lipid carriers.

International journal of pharmaceutics: X·2026
Same author

Biological activities and safety assessment of <i>Teleogryllus mitratus</i> extracts for skin delivery via nanoemulsion-based systems.

International journal of pharmaceutics: X·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

In vitro Digestion of Emulsions in a Single Droplet via Multi Subphase Exchange of Simulated Gastrointestinal Fluids
10:20

In vitro Digestion of Emulsions in a Single Droplet via Multi Subphase Exchange of Simulated Gastrointestinal Fluids

Published on: November 18, 2022

2.6K

In vitro-in vivo relationship for amorphous solid dispersions using a double membrane dissolution-permeation setup.

Jacob Rune Jørgensen1, Wolfgang Mohr2, Matthias Rischer2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : Official Journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik E.V
|May 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) improve drug bioavailability, but in vitro-in vivo relationships are challenging. A modified dissolution-permeation setup using a filter barrier accurately predicts drug absorption from ASDs.

Keywords:
Efavirenzparallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA)vacuum compression molding (VCM)

More Related Videos

A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates
10:33

A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates

Published on: February 23, 2018

25.4K
Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
12:18

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

Published on: August 3, 2021

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 31, 2025

In vitro Digestion of Emulsions in a Single Droplet via Multi Subphase Exchange of Simulated Gastrointestinal Fluids
10:20

In vitro Digestion of Emulsions in a Single Droplet via Multi Subphase Exchange of Simulated Gastrointestinal Fluids

Published on: November 18, 2022

2.6K
A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates
10:33

A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates

Published on: February 23, 2018

25.4K
Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions
12:18

Assembly of Cell Mimicking Supported and Suspended Lipid Bilayer Models for the Study of Molecular Interactions

Published on: August 3, 2021

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Drug Delivery
  • Biopharmaceutics

Background:

  • Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) enhance oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs by addressing dissolution and solubility issues.
  • Establishing reliable in vitro-in vivo relationships (IVIVR) for ASDs remains a significant challenge in drug development.
  • Current in vitro dissolution-permeation (D/P) setups may overestimate drug absorption by allowing direct drug-membrane interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that direct drug interaction with permeation barriers in D/P setups leads to overestimated absorption.
  • To develop a modified D/P setup for more accurate prediction of drug absorption from ASDs.
  • To establish a reliable in vitro-in vivo relationship (IVIVR) for poorly water-soluble drugs formulated as ASDs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) based D/P setup.
  • Compared drug absorption from neat crystalline efavirenz and four ASDs in a standard D/P setup.
  • Introduced a hydrophilic PVDF-filter in a modified D/P setup to create a physical barrier.
  • Employed microscopic visualization to understand drug particle behavior and membrane interaction.

Main Results:

  • The standard D/P setup overpredicted drug absorption for crystalline efavirenz compared to ASDs.
  • A linear IVIVR (R² = 0.97) was successfully established using the modified D/P setup with the PVDF-filter.
  • Microscopic analysis confirmed that the filter prevented direct dissolution of drug particles into the PAMPA-membrane lipids.

Conclusions:

  • Direct dissolution of drug particles into the permeation barrier can lead to inaccurate in vitro absorption predictions.
  • The modified D/P setup, incorporating a physical filter, provides a more reliable method for evaluating ASD performance.
  • This improved in vitro approach can aid in the accurate assessment of poorly water-soluble drug formulations prior to animal studies.