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Cardiorenal multimorbidity in hospitalized cardiology patients: The Hellenic Cardiorenal Morbidity Snapshot (HECMOS)
Ioannis Leontsinis1, Dimitrios Farmakis2, Dimitrios Avramidis3
1First Cardiology Department, School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
Insights
The Hellenic Cardiorenal Morbidity Snapshot (HECMOS) study found a high burden of cardio-reno-metabolic disease in Greek inpatients. Heart failure and atrial fibrillation were the most common co-occurring conditions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease frequently coexists with renal dysfunction.
- Multimorbidity significantly impacts patient prognosis and hospital stay duration.
- Understanding the contemporary burden of cardiorenal disease is crucial for healthcare planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the current prevalence and patterns of cardiorenal morbidity among hospitalized cardiology patients in Greece.
- To identify the most common co-morbidities within the cardiorenal nexus.
- To provide a national snapshot of cardio-reno-metabolic disease burden.
Main Methods:
- The Hellenic Cardiorenal Morbidity Snapshot (HECMOS) utilized an electronic platform for data collection.
- Data were gathered on a single day (March 3, 2022) across diverse inpatient cardiology settings in Greece.
- The study aimed for a real-world, nation-representative sample covering various healthcare levels and territories.
Main Results:
- A total of 923 patients were included, with a median age of 73 years; 68.4% were male.
- Hypertension (66%), chronic heart failure (38%), diabetes mellitus (31.8%), atrial fibrillation (30%), and chronic kidney disease (26%) were highly prevalent.
- 64.1% of patients had at least one of these four conditions, with heart failure and atrial fibrillation being the most frequent combination (20.6%).
Conclusions:
- Participants in the HECMOS study exhibited a substantial burden of cardio-reno-metabolic diseases.
- The co-occurrence of heart failure and atrial fibrillation represents the most prevalent cardiorenal comorbidity pattern observed.
- Findings highlight the significant challenge posed by multimorbidity in inpatient cardiology care in Greece.
Purpose:
Cardiovascular disease is commonly accompanied by renal dysfunction. Multimorbidity in hospitalized patients impacts unfavorably on prognosis and hospital stay. We aimed to illustrate the contemporary burden of cardiorenal morbidity across inpatient cardiology care in Greece.
Methods:
The Hellenic Cardiorenal Morbidity Snapshot (HECMOS) used an electronic platform to collect demographic and clinically relevant information about all patients hospitalized on March 3, 2022, in Greece. The participating institutions covered all levels of inpatient cardiology care and most of the country's territories to collect a real-world, nation representative sample.
Results:
A total of 923 patients (men 68.4%, median age 73 ± 14.8 years) were admitted to 55 different cardiology departments. 57.7% of the participants were aged >70 years. Hypertension was highly prevalent and present in 66% of the cases. History of chronic HF, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, and chronic kidney disease was present in 38%, 31.8%, 30%, and 26%, respectively. Furthermore, 64.1% of the sample exhibited at least one of these 4 entities. Accordingly, a combination of ≥2 of these morbid conditions was recorded in 38.7%, of ≥3 in 18.2%, whereas 4.3% of the sample combined all 4 in their medical history. The most common combination was the coexistence of heart failure-atrial fibrillation accounting for 20.6% of the sample. Nine of 10 nonelectively admitted patients were hospitalized due to acute HF (39.9%), acute coronary syndrome (33.5%), or tachyarrhythmias (13.2%).
Conclusion:
HECMOS participants carried a remarkable burden of cardio-reno-metabolic disease. HF in conjunction with atrial fibrillation was found to be the most prevalent combination among the studied cardiorenal nexus of morbidities in the whole study population.
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