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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

134
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders01:24

Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders

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Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
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Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

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Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
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Behavior Therapy01:22

Behavior Therapy

87
Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

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Complementary and Integrative Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Youth.

Douglas Russell1, L Eugene Arnold2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, c/o Seattle Children's Hospital, OA.5.154 PO Box 5371, Seattle, WA 98145-5005, USA.

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|May 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Complementary treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children show promise. Omega-3s, dietary changes, and physical activity are evidence-based, while meditation, yoga, and sleep hygiene offer safe, cost-effective adjunctive options.

Keywords:
ADHDComplementaryDietIntegrativeMeditationNeurofeedbackOmega-3Physical activity

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Integrative Medicine
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Standard treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children face limitations in tolerability and accessibility.
  • Complementary and integrative health (CIH) strategies are increasingly explored as alternatives or adjuncts to conventional ADHD therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the evidence base for various complementary and integrative strategies as treatments for ADHD in children.
  • To identify which CIH interventions are supported by scientific literature, including meta-analyses.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature on CIH interventions for pediatric ADHD.
  • Assessment of study heterogeneity and risk of bias across included studies.

Main Results:

  • Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, dietary restriction of artificial food colorings, and physical activity demonstrate evidence-based efficacy for ADHD.
  • Meditation, yoga, and improved sleep hygiene are identified as safe, partially effective, and cost-effective adjunctive treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Certain CIH strategies, including nutritional and lifestyle modifications, offer viable options for managing pediatric ADHD.
  • Mind-body practices and sleep hygiene provide supportive, low-risk adjunctive benefits for children with ADHD, complementing standard care.