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Related Concept Videos

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Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Updated: Jul 31, 2025

The Colon-26 Carcinoma Tumor-bearing Mouse as a Model for the Study of Cancer Cachexia
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Immunoregulation in cancer-associated cachexia.

Qi Wu1, Zhou Liu2, Bei Li3

  • 1Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University.

Journal of Advanced Research
|May 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer-associated cachexia involves complex immune system dysregulation. Understanding these immunological mechanisms is key to developing targeted therapies for this severe condition.

Keywords:
CachexiaCancerGutImmune regulationNerve

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • Cancer-associated cachexia is a complex multi-organ disorder characterized by progressive weight loss.
  • It results from anorexia, systemic inflammation, and excessive energy expenditure.
  • The precise immunological mechanisms driving cachectic progression remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the intricate immunoregulatory system in cachexia.
  • To summarize the impact and translational potential of immune system modulation in cancer-associated cachexia.
  • To propose integrated therapeutic strategies within the complex immunological context of cachexia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on inflammatory factors and mediators in cachexia.
  • Analysis of the role of immune checkpoints in cancer-related tissue wasting.
  • Exploration of insights from the immunometabolic, immune-gut, and immune-nerve axes in cachexia.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key inflammatory factors and mediators influencing cachexia.
  • Deciphering the potential contribution of immune checkpoints to tissue wasting.
  • Highlighting the interconnectedness of immune, metabolic, gut, and neural axes in cachexia.

Conclusions:

  • The immune system plays a critical role in the development and progression of cancer-associated cachexia.
  • Targeting immune checkpoints and understanding axis interactions offers potential therapeutic avenues.
  • Integrated strategies addressing the complex immunological landscape are crucial for effective cachexia management.