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MicroRNA 133A Regulates Cell Proliferation, Cell Migration, and Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer by Suppressing CDH3

Grinsun Sharma1, Ji-Su Mo2, Santosh Lamichhane1

  • 1Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Cancer
|May 8, 2023
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNA-133a (MIR133A) directly targets Cadherin 3 (CDH3) in colorectal cancer. This interaction suppresses tumor growth and metastasis by regulating key cellular pathways.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs are crucial regulators in cancer development.
  • Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) pathogenesis involves complex gene regulation.
  • Identifying microRNA targets is key to understanding cancer mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and validate direct target genes of MIR133A in colorectal cancer.
  • To elucidate the functional role of the MIR133A-CDH3 interaction in CRC.
  • To investigate the impact of this interaction on cancer cell behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Luciferase reporter assays to confirm direct targeting.
  • Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot to assess gene and protein expression.
  • Transfection with MIR133A mimics and CDH3 siRNAs in CRC cell lines.
  • Immunohistochemistry to evaluate CDH3 expression in tumor tissues.

Main Results:

  • Cadherin 3 (CDH3) was confirmed as a direct target of MIR133A.
  • MIR133A transfection significantly reduced CDH3 mRNA and protein levels in CRC cells.
  • CDH3 knockdown mimicked the effects of MIR133A, reducing cell viability, migration, and colony formation while increasing apoptosis.
  • CDH3 protein expression was upregulated in CRC tissues compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues.
  • MIR133A regulated pathways including catenin, matrix metalloproteinase, apoptosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Conclusions:

  • MIR133A directly targets and downregulates CDH3 expression in human colorectal cancer.
  • The MIR133A-CDH3 axis plays a significant role in regulating CRC cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis.
  • MIR133A acts as a tumor suppressor in CRC by inhibiting CDH3-mediated pathways.
Keywords:
CDH3Cell viabilityColorectal CancerEMTMIR133A

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