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Related Concept Videos

Sampling Methods: Overview01:06

Sampling Methods: Overview

390
A sample refers to a smaller subset representative of a larger population. In analytical chemistry, studying or analyzing an entire population is often impractical or impossible. Therefore, samples are used to draw inferences and generalize the whole population. The sampling method selects individuals or items from a population to create a sample. Standard sampling methods include random, judgemental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling. 
In analytical chemistry, the choice of...
390
Convenience Sampling Method00:55

Convenience Sampling Method

9.0K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population.
Convenience sampling is a non-random method of sample selection; this method selects individuals that are easily accessible and may result in biased data. For example, a marketing...
9.0K
Cluster Sampling Method01:20

Cluster Sampling Method

12.0K
Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
12.0K
Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

12.1K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
12.1K
Sampling Methods: Sample Types01:18

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

304
Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...
304
Sampling Plans01:23

Sampling Plans

223
Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
Random sampling is a method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It involves selecting individuals randomly, often using random number generators or lottery-type methods. For example, when analyzing the properties of a...
223

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Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Swabbing the Urban Environment - A Pipeline for Sampling and Detection of SARS-CoV-2 From Environmental Reservoirs
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Outsourcing Training without Uploading Data via Efficient Collaborative Open-Source Sampling.

Junyuan Hong1, Lingjuan Lyu2, Jiayu Zhou1

  • 1Michigan State University.

Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
|May 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces Efficient Collaborative Open-source Sampling (ECOS) to train deep learning models in the cloud using open-source data, bypassing sensitive client data uploads. ECOS enables efficient, privacy-preserving cloud-based model training.

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Area of Science:

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Machine Learning
  • Cloud Computing

Background:

  • Deep learning demands significant computational and data resources, making cloud-based training attractive.
  • Uploading sensitive client data to cloud servers for training poses privacy and bandwidth challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel strategy for outsourcing deep learning model training to the cloud without uploading sensitive client data.
  • To leverage open-source data as a proxy for client data in cloud-based training.

Main Methods:

  • Developed Efficient Collaborative Open-source Sampling (ECOS) to construct a proxy dataset from open-source data.
  • ECOS probes open-source data to infer client data distribution through efficient sampling.
  • The process involves communicating compressed public features and client scalar responses.

Main Results:

  • ECOS effectively constructs a proximal proxy dataset from open-source data for cloud training.
  • Demonstrated improvements in automated client labeling, model compression, and label outsourcing.
  • Empirical studies confirmed ECOS's effectiveness across various learning scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • ECOS offers a viable solution for privacy-preserving and efficient cloud-based deep learning model training.
  • Leveraging open-source data mitigates the need for sensitive client data transfer.
  • The proposed method enhances collaborative learning by enabling secure outsourcing.