Analysis of tourism sustainability synthetic indicators. A case study of Aragon

Tourism sustainability is a long-term exploration process of human beings seeking to coexist harmoniously with the ecological environment. The core of sustainable tourism development is to achieve the harmonious development of the economy, society, and environment. Aragon's rich tourism resources attract many tourists, and the local government has formulated a sustainable development strategy to develop tourism vigorously. This paper constructs a tool to assess the sustainable development of tourism in Aragon based on the theory of sustainable tourism development and related methods. It proposes the construction of synthetic indicators based on the environmental-social-economic triad model, identifies individual indicators suitable for the study of the region based on indicators that appear more frequently in related studies, and defines and evaluates these indicators. We construct the matrices by questionnaire and expert consultation method and find that environmental and social factors significantly impact sustainable development. The indicators are then standardized and weighted using hierarchical analysis to determine the level of sustainable development of the local tourism industry based on the standard for assessing sustainable tourism development. The steps and methods of constructing synthetic indicators proposed in this paper can guide future analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of tourism development in Aragon and similar areas under different conditions, as well as for the study of factors affecting tourism development, and provide targeted suggestions for improving the competitiveness of local tourism, taking into account regional tourism characteristics and actual conditions.