Malignant adipocytic tumours: A 20‑year single‑centre retrospective study

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Surgical Pathology
• Soft Tissue Neoplasms

Background:

• Adipocytic tumors are common soft tissue neoplasms.
• Liposarcoma is the most frequent malignant neoplasm.
• Limited data exists on liposarcoma subtype evolution and prognosis by location.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess liposarcoma evolution and prognosis based on histological subtype and location.
• To compare retroperitoneal versus non-retroperitoneal liposarcoma outcomes.
• To analyze prognostic factors influencing liposarcoma recurrence and survival.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective observational study of 52 patients operated between 2000-2020.
• Histological diagnosis and classification using the 2020 WHO classification.
• Patients divided into retroperitoneal (Group A) and non-retroperitoneal (Group B) locations.
• Analysis of variables including age, sex, location, histology, recurrence, treatment, and mortality.

Main Results:

• Recurrence risk was higher with R1 resection in retroperitoneal liposarcoma (OR 1.5, P=0.02).
• In non-retroperitoneal liposarcoma, R2 resection significantly increased recurrence risk (OR 69, P=0.011).
• Extraperitoneal liposarcomas (dedifferentiated, myxoid, pleomorphic) showed better survival than retroperitoneal ones.

Conclusions:

• Surgical treatment with unaffected margins is the primary prognostic factor for liposarcoma survival.
• Liposarcoma location influences survival, with extraperitoneal sites offering better outcomes.
• Histological subtype and complete resection are key determinants of liposarcoma prognosis.