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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Open-Source Real-Time Closed-Loop Electrical Threshold Tracking for Translational Pain Research
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Open-Source Real-Time Closed-Loop Electrical Threshold Tracking for Translational Pain Research

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Open-Source Real-Time Closed-Loop Electrical Threshold Tracking for Translational Pain Research.

Aidan P Nickerson1, Graeme W T Newton2, James H O'Sullivan3

  • 1Anaesthesia, Pain, and Critical Care Sciences, School of Physiology, Pharmacology, & Neuroscience, University of Bristol; Eli Lilly and Company.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|May 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed APTrack, a novel software tool, to measure nociceptor (pain-sensing neuron) electrical excitability. This tool allows real-time tracking of single neuron action potentials, aiding pain research and treatment development.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pain Research
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Nociceptors are primary afferent neurons detecting noxious stimuli.
  • Increased nociceptor excitability is linked to acute and chronic pain.
  • Understanding this increased excitability is crucial for developing targeted pain treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a software application (APTrack) for quantifying single-neuron nociceptor excitability.
  • To enable real-time measurement of electrical thresholds in nociceptors.
  • To facilitate research into the mechanisms underlying pain.

Main Methods:

  • Developed APTrack software using C++ and the JUCE framework on the Open Ephys system.
  • Utilized single-neuron electrical threshold tracking via an up-down method.
  • Recorded electrophysiological data from human superficial peroneal nerve and mouse saphenous nerve nociceptors.
  • Classified nociceptors based on responses to thermal/mechanical stimuli and conduction velocity.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated real-time closed-loop electrical threshold tracking of single-neuron action potentials in humans and rodents.
  • Successfully identified action potentials using a temporal raster plot and threshold crossing algorithms.
  • Showcased proof of principle: heating a human C-fiber nociceptor reduced its electrical threshold.

Conclusions:

  • APTrack enables precise quantification of nociceptor excitability changes.
  • The software simplifies action potential identification and threshold tracking.
  • This tool advances the study of pain mechanisms and the development of mechanism-based pain therapies.