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Temporal Structures in Electron Spectra and Charge Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays.

M Aguilar1, L Ali Cavasonza2, G Ambrosi3

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|May 8, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cosmic electron fluxes measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer show 11-year solar cycle variations and distinct hysteresis compared to proton fluxes. This provides new insights into cosmic ray behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmic ray physics
  • Astrophysics
  • Space science

Background:

  • Cosmic rays, composed of charged particles, are influenced by solar activity.
  • Understanding cosmic ray variations is crucial for space weather and fundamental physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present precision measurements of cosmic electron fluxes over 11 years.
  • To analyze the time variations and compare them with proton fluxes.
  • To investigate the observed hysteresis phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station.
  • Analyzed 11 years of daily cosmic electron flux data (1.00-41.9 GV).
  • Compared electron flux variations with proton flux data.

Main Results:

  • Observed recurrent electron flux variations with periods of 27, 13.5, and 9 days.
  • Found distinct time variations between electron and proton fluxes.
  • Detected significant electron-proton hysteresis (>6σ) below 8.5 GV.

Conclusions:

  • Daily electron flux data reveal complex variations linked to the solar cycle.
  • The observed hysteresis provides key information on the charge sign dependence of cosmic rays.
  • AMS-02 data offer unique insights into long-term cosmic ray modulation.