Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 31, 2025
07:23
Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
Published on: May 30, 2025
497
A hidden translatome in tumors-the coding lncRNAs
Jinsong Wang1, Wenna Wang1,2, Fei Ma3,4
1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
Science China. Life Sciences
|May 8, 2023
Summary
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), once thought noncoding, can be translated into functional peptides. This review explores lncRNA-encoded proteins in cancer, offering insights for new therapies and biomarkers.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genomics
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are prevalent in eukaryotic genomes and implicated in cancer development.
- Recent advances reveal that some lncRNAs are translated into peptides, challenging their 'noncoding' definition.
- This discovery opens new avenues for understanding lncRNA functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce methods and databases for identifying functional polypeptides encoded by lncRNAs.
- To summarize known lncRNA-encoded proteins and their roles in cancer.
- To provide a basis for discovering novel lncRNA-derived anti-cancer targets and biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on lncRNA translation and function.
- Identification and discussion of databases for screening lncRNAs with coding potential.
- Analysis of reported lncRNA-encoded proteins and their cancer-related mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Many lncRNAs possess small open reading frames capable of translation into peptides.
- Specific lncRNA-encoded proteins have been identified that promote or inhibit cancer progression.
- The functional investigation of these peptides is a rapidly expanding field.
Conclusions:
- lncRNA-encoded peptides/proteins represent a promising area in cancer research.
- Further research is needed to address challenges in understanding their full potential.
- These findings could lead to novel anti-cancer therapeutic strategies and diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.7K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.7K
01:31Translation
15.0K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
15.0K
02:24Ribosome Profiling
3.6K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.6K
03:18Non-LTR Retrotransposons
11.6K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.6K
02:28Leaky Scanning
5.2K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.2K
02:55The Nucleolus
8.9K
The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
8.9K