Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Network Function of a Circuit01:25

Network Function of a Circuit

334
Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
334
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

42.6K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
42.6K
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

13.6K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
13.6K
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

1.8K
The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
1.8K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.1K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.1K
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.1K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Indistinguishability of arbitrary photons for entanglement generation in scalable quantum networks.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Performance comparison of quantum memories in cesium vapor cells with anti-relaxation coatings.

Optics express·2026
Same author

InGaAs trap detector: advancing toward a short-wave infrared standard with 1% uncertainty.

Applied optics·2025
Same author

Picosecond synchronization of mode-locked lasers for metropolitan-scale quantum networks.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Performance Evaluation of Monocular Markerless Pose Estimation Systems for Industrial Exoskeletons.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Compressive characterization of telecom photon pairs in the spatial and spectral degrees of freedom.

Optica·2024
Same journal

Long-term stabilization of intensity-difference squeezing from four-wave mixing in rubidium vapor.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Robust 3D topography measurement of large-range high-aspect-ratio structures based on dual-domain statistical filtering in SD-OCT.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Broadband transmissive terahertz metasurface for simultaneous quad-mode OAM multiplexing.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Leveraging two-dimensional materials for high-sensitivity optical sensors: quasi-bound states in the continuum within hybrid metasurfaces.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Resolution investigation for dual-spherical-wave optical scanning holographic microscopy: methods and performance.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Robustness of parallel subnetwork-filtered diffractive deep neural networks.

Optics express·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.0K

Synchronization and coexistence in quantum networks.

Ivan A Burenkov, Alexandra Semionov, Hala

    Optics Express
    |May 8, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study shows that quantum signals and classical clock synchronization protocols can coexist in optical fibers. Up to 100 quantum channels can share fiber with synchronization signals, enabling new communication possibilities.

    More Related Videos

    Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
    05:30

    Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

    Published on: September 8, 2023

    611
    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
    09:23

    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

    Published on: May 30, 2014

    14.6K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 31, 2025

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
    06:42

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

    Published on: June 8, 2018

    9.0K
    Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
    05:30

    Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

    Published on: September 8, 2023

    611
    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
    09:23

    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

    Published on: May 30, 2014

    14.6K

    Area of Science:

    • Quantum communication
    • Optical fiber technology
    • Network synchronization

    Background:

    • Coexistence of quantum and classical signals in optical fibers is crucial for future integrated networks.
    • Clock synchronization protocols are essential for high-performance communication systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the feasibility of coexisting quantum channels and clock synchronization protocols in a single-mode optical fiber.
    • To compare the performance of different synchronization protocols in this shared environment.

    Main Methods:

    • Optical noise measurements were performed across the 1500 nm to 1620 nm spectrum.
    • Characterization and comparison of "White Rabbit" and pulsed laser-based synchronization protocols.
    • Theoretical analysis of fiber link length limitations for coexisting channels.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated potential for up to 100 quantum, 100 GHz wide channels to coexist with classical synchronization signals.
    • Established a theoretical maximum fiber link length of approximately 100 km for current optical transceivers.
    • Identified significant potential for improvement using quantum receivers.

    Conclusions:

    • Coexistence of quantum and classical signals in optical fibers is achievable.
    • Synchronization protocols can be integrated with quantum communication channels without significant degradation.
    • Future advancements in quantum receivers can extend the viable link length for such integrated systems.