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Related Concept Videos

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
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Feedback-loop between psychotic symptoms and brain volume: A cross-lagged panel model study.

Luis Fs Castro-de-Araujo1, Jacyra Azevedo Paiva de Araujo2, Érika Fialho Morais Xavier2

  • 1Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980126, Richmond, VA, 23298-0126, USA; Deptartment of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Victoria, Australia.

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Psychotic symptoms and gray matter brain volume influence each other over time. Worse symptoms correlate with smaller brain volume, and reduced volume is linked to more severe psychosis symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Brain structural changes, particularly gray matter volume loss, are linked to psychotic symptoms.
  • The dynamic interplay between symptom severity and brain volume over time in psychosis remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal relationship between psychosis symptom severity and total gray matter volume.
  • To determine if symptom severity and brain volume influence each other bidirectionally over time.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a cross-lagged panel model on the NUSDAST public dataset.
  • Analyzed data from 673 subjects (schizophrenia patients, healthy controls, siblings) across three time points: baseline, 24 months, and 48 months.
  • Measured psychosis symptoms using the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS).

Main Results:

  • Found significant bidirectional temporal effects between symptom severity and total gray matter volume.
  • Worse psychotic symptoms were associated with smaller total gray matter volume.
  • Smaller total gray matter volume was associated with worse symptomatology.

Conclusions:

  • A bidirectional relationship exists between psychosis symptom severity and total gray matter volume.
  • Brain volume and psychotic symptoms dynamically interact throughout the course of the illness.