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    Foveated panoramic ghost imaging (FPGI) enhances traditional panoramic ghost imaging (PGI) by mimicking the human eye. This method achieves high-resolution, wide-field-of-view imaging with improved efficiency by reducing data redundancy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Computational Imaging
    • Image Reconstruction

    Background:

    • Panoramic ghost imaging (PGI) offers a 360° field of view (FOV) but faces challenges in achieving high resolution and efficiency due to large data requirements.
    • Existing PGI methods struggle to balance wide FOV imaging with high resolution and computational efficiency.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a Foveated Panoramic Ghost Imaging (FPGI) system that integrates wide FOV, high resolution, and high efficiency.
    • To reduce resolution redundancy in PGI by adopting a variant-resolution approach inspired by the human eye's retina structure.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a flexible variant-resolution annular pattern structure using log-rectilinear transformation and log-polar mapping for projection.
    • Optimized the annular pattern with a dynamic fovea to ensure the region of interest (ROI) remains centered within the 360° FOV.
    • Implemented independent resolution control for the ROI and the region of non-interest (NROI) in both radial and poloidal directions.

    Main Results:

    • FPGI successfully improved imaging quality in ROIs with high resolution while maintaining lower-resolution imaging in NROIs.
    • Experimental results showed reduced reconstruction time and enhanced imaging efficiency compared to traditional PGI.
    • The system demonstrated flexibility in adapting resolution requirements for different imaging tasks.

    Conclusions:

    • FPGI offers a significant advancement for wide FOV ghost imaging applications by overcoming the limitations of traditional PGI.
    • The proposed method effectively balances high-resolution imaging, wide FOV coverage, and computational efficiency.
    • FPGI promotes the practical application of ghost imaging in scenarios requiring detailed observation within a broad visual field.