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    Area of Science:

    • Terahertz (THz) wave technology
    • Electromagnetic wave propagation
    • Integrated photonics and optics

    Background:

    • Parallel plate dielectric waveguides (PPDW) are a key platform for THz circuits.
    • Optimal design is critical for high-performance PPDW devices.
    • Mosaic-like optimal design is suitable for PPDW due to the absence of out-of-plane radiation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel and efficient mosaic-like design approach for PPDW devices.
    • To optimize PPDW devices for THz circuit applications using gradient and adjoint variable methods.
    • To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design approach through various PPDW device examples.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a gradient method for efficient optimization of PPDW device design variables.
    • Employed a density method to represent the mosaic structure within the design region.
    • Applied the adjoint variable method (AVM) for efficient sensitivity analysis during optimization.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully designed several PPDW devices, including T-branch, three-branch, mode splitting, and THz bandpass filters.
    • Achieved high transmission efficiencies for T-branch, three-branch, and mode splitting devices, both at single and broadband frequencies.
    • The designed THz bandpass filter exhibited the desired flat-top transmission property within the target frequency band.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed mosaic-like design approach is effective for optimizing PPDW devices for THz applications.
    • This method enables the creation of high-performance PPDW devices with excellent transmission characteristics.
    • The approach is validated by the successful design and performance of various complex PPDW devices.