Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Vaccination elicits HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies in primates.

Nature·2026

Same author

Vaccination generates broadly cross-neutralizing antibodies to the HIV Env apex.

Nature·2026

Same author

TGF-β mediates epigenetic control of innate antiviral responses and SIV reservoir size.

Nature immunology·2026

Same author

Interleukin-6 restricts pre-thymic T cell lineage commitment of progenitors driving loss of SIV control.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Limited Sex-Based Differences in Viral Outcomes of ART-Treated SIV/SHIV Infection.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026

Same author

Single-Cell Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals That Macrophage-Induced Angiogenesis Contributes to Immunotherapy Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Biology·2026

Same journal

Reduced peroxisomal function increases insulin secretion, promotes insulin oxidation, and impairs β cell maturity.

JCI insight·2026

Same journal

De novo VPS16 missense variant causes infantile-onset dystonia with defective autophagic flux.

JCI insight·2026

Same journal

A distinct form of fat fibrosis is linked to insulin resistance in people with HIV.

JCI insight·2026

Same journal

Constitutive YAP activation in distal nephron segments disrupts epithelial identity and nephron patterning.

JCI insight·2026

Same journal

The molecular similarity landscape of preclinical cancer models to patient tumors.

JCI insight·2026

Same journal

A tailored in vivo CRISPR screen identifies BAP1 as a potent tumor suppressor of sarcoma.

JCI insight·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

Human T cells efficiently control RSV infection.

Chandrav De^1,2,3, Raymond J Pickles^4,5, Wenbo Yao^1,2,3

¹International Center for the Advancement of Translational Science.

|May 9, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes severe illness in vulnerable populations. T cells, not antibodies, are key to controlling RSV, supporting the development of T cell-focused vaccines.

Keywords:

Adaptive immunity Immunology Mouse models T cells Virology

More Related Videos

Stem-cell Based Engineered Immunity Against HIV Infection in the Humanized Mouse Model

Stem-cell Based Engineered Immunity Against HIV Infection in the Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: July 2, 2016

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Published on: May 27, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 31, 2025

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

Stem-cell Based Engineered Immunity Against HIV Infection in the Humanized Mouse Model

Stem-cell Based Engineered Immunity Against HIV Infection in the Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: July 2, 2016

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Published on: May 27, 2011

Area of Science:

Immunology
Virology
Respiratory Medicine

Background:

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe respiratory illness and death in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals.
Current treatments for RSV are limited, highlighting the urgent need for effective vaccines and therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the human immune response to RSV infection using in vivo models.
To identify key immune correlates of protection against RSV-associated lung pathology.

Main Methods:

Utilized two complementary in vivo models to study RSV infection in human lung tissue.
Analyzed RSV-induced lung pathology, innate immune responses, and adaptive immune mechanisms.

Main Results:

RSV infection led to significant human lung epithelial damage and a proinflammatory innate immune response.
Human T cells, specifically CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, were found to be crucial in controlling RSV replication independently of antibodies.
An adaptive immune response was elicited that conferred protective immunity.

Conclusions:

Human T cell responses play a critical role in controlling RSV infection and lung pathology.
Preclinical data suggest that RSV vaccines should aim to elicit robust T cell immunity for enhanced efficacy in high-risk populations.