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Association Between Race and Usage of Pain Medications in Children With Long Bone Fractures in US Emergency

Devon Pekas1, Wyatt Telken1, Abe E Sahmoun2

  • 1From the University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND.

Pediatric Emergency Care
|May 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study found no link between race and pain medication for pediatric long bone fractures (LBF). Opioid use for these fractures significantly decreased from 2011 to 2019.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Health Disparities Research
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Previous research on race and pain management for pediatric long bone fractures (LBF) has yielded inconsistent findings.
  • Understanding potential disparities in care for pediatric LBF is crucial for equitable treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between race and the administration of analgesics for children with long bone fractures (LBF) in US emergency departments.
  • To examine racial differences in diagnostic workup and pain management for pediatric LBF.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis was performed using data from the 2011-2019 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey-Emergency Department.
  • The study analyzed pediatric emergency department visits for LBF, comparing diagnostic procedures and analgesic prescription rates across racial groups (White, Black, other).

Main Results:

  • Black children represented a smaller proportion of LBF visits compared to White or other children.
  • No statistically significant association was found between race and subjective pain scores, triage severity, imaging use, or analgesic administration (opioids, NSAIDs/acetaminophen).
  • A significant decrease in opioid administration for pediatric LBFs was observed from 2011 to 2019.

Conclusions:

  • Race was not associated with differences in analgesic administration or diagnostic workup for pediatric long bone fractures.
  • A notable downward trend in opioid administration for pediatric LBF occurred between 2011 and 2019.
Abstract

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