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Creating Sub-50 Nm Nanofluidic Junctions in PDMS Microfluidic Chip via Self-Assembly Process of Colloidal Particles

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Intrinsic Interface Adsorption Drives Selectivity in Atomically Smooth Nanofluidic Channels.

Phillip Helms^1,2, Anthony R Poggioli^1,3, David T Limmer^1,2,3,4

¹Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.

|May 9, 2023

Summary

Molecular interactions in nanofluidic systems create streaming electrical currents and salt selectivity, enabling desalination. These phenomena arise from selective ion adsorption in nanochannels, going beyond traditional hydrodynamics.

Keywords:

desalination hydrodynamics interfaces membranes nanofluidics

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Last Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Creating Sub-50 Nm Nanofluidic Junctions in PDMS Microfluidic Chip via Self-Assembly Process of Colloidal Particles

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Area of Science:

Nanofluidics
Physical Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Traditional hydrodynamics fail to capture molecular-level phenomena in nanofluidics.
Understanding ion transport at the nanoscale is crucial for developing advanced separation technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively characterize nanofluidic transport by integrating molecular dynamics simulations with hydrodynamics.
To investigate pressure-driven ionic flow in nanochannels made of graphite and hexagonal boron nitride.

Main Methods:

Equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations.
Linear response theory.
Synthesis of simulation data with hydrodynamic models.

Main Results:

Observed streaming electrical currents and salt selectivity in nanochannels, phenomena not predicted by simple hydrodynamics.
Demonstrated selective ion adsorption to the interface due to intrinsic molecular interactions.
Identified emergent selectivity in the absence of net surface charge.

Conclusions:

The study provides a comprehensive characterization of nanofluidic transport by bridging molecular and hydrodynamic descriptions.
Emergent ion selectivity in these nanochannels suggests their potential application as desalination membranes.