Abilities and Disabilities Among Children With Developmental Language Disorder.
Karla K McGregor1, Nancy Ohlmann1, Nichole Eden1
1Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE.
Summary
Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) show varied strengths and weaknesses in daily functioning. Cumulative developmental risks, not just language impairment severity, predict disability and impact service needs.
Area of Science:
- Child Development
- Linguistics
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) impacts children's functioning across multiple domains.
- Understanding DLD within the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To situate DLD within the ICF impairment and disability framework.
- To describe functional strengths and weaknesses in first-grade children with DLD.
- To explore relationships between language disabilities, impairment, developmental risk, and service receipt.
Main Methods:
- Caregiver surveys using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods.
- Involved 35 children with DLD and 44 typically developing peers.
- Assessed language functions, developmental risks, and language services.
Main Results:
- Children with DLD showed weaknesses in communication, academics, and social interactions, but strengths in personal/domestic areas and gross motor function.
- Cumulative developmental risks, not just language impairment severity, distinguished functional weaknesses and disabilities.
- Most children with disabilities received services, but some with mild impairment and disabilities did not.
Conclusions:
- DLD involves predictable functional strengths and weaknesses.
- Language impairment severity is not a reliable predictor of functional limitations or service eligibility.
- Developmental risks are key factors in DLD-related disabilities.
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