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Pediatric deep venous thrombosis associated with Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis

Linlin Liu1, Lingyun Guo1, Zhuangzhuang Wang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
|May 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) affects over 20% of children with Staphylococcus aureus acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO). Most cases resolved within 3 weeks of anticoagulation without complications.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a recognized complication of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO).
  • Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen in pediatric AHO.
  • The clinical presentation and outcomes of concurrent DVT in pediatric AHO require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical features of children diagnosed with both DVT and AHO caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
  • To compare the characteristics of AHO patients with and without DVT.
  • To assess the resolution rate and outcomes of DVT in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records over 4 years.
  • Inclusion criteria: pediatric patients with AHO and DVT caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Comparison of clinical and biochemical data between AHO patients with and without DVT, and analysis of DVT resolution timelines.

Main Results:

  • DVT was identified in 22% of pediatric Staphylococcus aureus AHO cases.
  • Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) was the causative agent in over half of the cases.
  • Patients with DVT were older and presented with higher inflammatory markers, positive blood cultures, and longer hospital stays.

Conclusions:

  • Over 20% of pediatric Staphylococcus aureus AHO cases are complicated by DVT.
  • MSSA is a frequent cause of concurrent DVT and AHO.
  • Anticoagulation therapy led to complete DVT resolution in over 50% of cases within 3 weeks, with no reported sequelae.
Abstract

Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureuschildrenosteomyelitisthrombosis

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