Development of the Music Therapy in Transition to Long-Term Care Model

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Music Therapy
• Mental Health

Background:

• Transitioning to long-term care (LTC) presents significant challenges for older adults, increasing risks of depression, anxiety, and fear.
• Music therapy offers potential protective benefits by leveraging individual strengths, cultural resources, and social connection through music.
• Understanding the resident and staff perspectives is crucial for developing effective music therapy interventions during this transition.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the perspectives of older adult LTC residents, care team staff, and music therapists.
• To develop a conceptual framework detailing the role of music therapy in the transition and adjustment to LTC.
• To identify key qualities and benefits of music therapy that contribute to residents' well-being.

Main Methods:

• A qualitative grounded theory approach was employed.
• Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 participants (residents, care staff, music therapists).
• Data analysis involved open, axial, and selective coding to develop a theoretical model.

Main Results:

• A theoretical model was developed, illustrating music therapy's progression of benefits for LTC residents.
• Key themes emerged: music therapy's accessibility, personal meaning, role as a bridge to resources, transformative potential, and facilitation of community integration.
• The model indicates music therapy helps residents achieve a state of 'feeling their best self.'

Conclusions:

• The developed conceptual framework provides a foundation for clinical assessment and music therapy interventions in LTC settings.
• Music therapy can positively influence older adults' adjustment to long-term care by addressing emotional and social needs.
• Further research is recommended to test and refine this theoretical model for broader application.