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Elevated compositional change in plant assemblages linked to invasion.

Alessandra R Kortz1,2,3,4, Faye Moyes3, Vânia R Pivello4

  • 1Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice CZ-25243, Czech Republic.

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|May 10, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alien species accelerate ecological community change by increasing species turnover, even when rare. This study reveals their significant role in reshaping biodiversity through rapid compositional restructuring.

Keywords:
biodiversity changebiological invasionglobalinvasive speciesspecies replacementturnover

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Biodiversity Science
  • Invasive Species Research

Background:

  • Alien species are recognized drivers of biodiversity change, yet their precise impact on ecological community structure remains unclear.
  • A proposed mechanism linking alien species to biodiversity shifts is increased temporal turnover within ecological assemblages.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for predicting and managing the ecological consequences of biological invasions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the presence of alien species is associated with higher temporal turnover in vascular plant assemblages.
  • To determine if species richness or species replacement (turnover) underlies observed differences in compositional change between invaded and uninvaded assemblages.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the BioTIME database to identify vascular plant assemblages with and without alien species.
  • Applied the Jaccard measure to quantify compositional dissimilarity between consecutive censuses within these assemblages.
  • Analyzed differences in temporal turnover rates and their correlation with species richness and replacement.

Main Results:

  • Alien species presence, even when rare, was significantly associated with an elevated average rate of compositional change in plant assemblages.
  • This increased compositional change was primarily driven by species replacement (turnover), not by differences in species richness.
  • Invaded assemblages exhibited a higher rate of community restructuring compared to uninvaded ones.

Conclusions:

  • Alien species play a significant role in driving rapid compositional restructuring of ecological communities.
  • Species turnover, rather than changes in species richness, is the key mechanism through which alien species impact community dynamics.
  • The findings highlight the importance of managing invasive species to mitigate biodiversity change driven by altered community dynamics.