Practices and challenges for hemophilia management under resource constraints in Thailand

Hemophilia is an inherited bleeding disorder caused by deficiency of a specific coagulation factor. Factor VIII deficiency is responsible for hemophilia A while factor IX deficiency is responsible for hemophilia B. As per the 2020 annual global survey by the World Federation of Hemophilia, only 1828 Thai hemophiliacs have been registered to the national healthcare system. The reason for the low number is the underdiagnosis which is a major concern in the real-world practice among Asian countries. In Thailand, most hemophiliacs are diagnosed by general practitioners, pediatricians or internists at rural hospitals and are referred to hemophilia specialists at the Hemophilia Treatment Centers (HTCs). Despite the challenges pertaining to infrastructure and cost of treatment, Thailand has progressed substantially in providing the required hemophilia care, as evidenced by an evolution in acquiring and sharing knowledge as well as collaborative efforts among multiple stakeholders over the past three decades. In this letter-to-the-editor, the authors have summarized the practices for and challenges faced with hemophilia management in Thailand.