Disrespect and abuse during childbirth and postpartum depression: a scoping review

This study aims to map, within the scientific literature, the relationship between disrespect and abuse during childbirth and the occurrence of postpartum depression. This is a scoping review designed in accordance with the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The search was performed in Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and in the CAPES Portal of Theses and Dissertations. We included studies that investigated the relationship between disrespect and abuse during childbirth with postpartum depression, considering cases diagnosed by physicians and by self-reports via validated scales, without restrictions regarding the year of publication and language. A total of 3,399 publications were identified and, after removing the duplicates and reading the title, abstracts, and the full-texts, seven articles were selected to integrate this review. Studies were published from 2017 onward, in four countries. Women who had experienced disrespect and abuse during childbirth were more likely to experience symptoms of postpartum depression. A standard terminology is necessary for disrespectful and abusive care during childbirth, as well as the elaboration of a measurement instrument that is universally accepted.