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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 31, 2025

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
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Aquatic Vegetation, an Understudied Depot for PFAS.

Emily K Griffin1, Lauren M Hall2, Melynda A Brown3

  • 1Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|May 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) accumulate in aquatic vegetation in Florida. This study reveals PFAS presence, concentration, and distribution in estuarine plants, highlighting Indian River Lagoon as a high-burden area.

Keywords:
PFASestuarinesubmerged aquatic vegetationtandem mass spectrometry

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Aquatic Botany

Background:

  • Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread manufactured chemicals with diverse industrial applications.
  • Understanding PFAS fate in aquatic ecosystems is crucial due to their persistence and potential bioaccumulation.
  • Aquatic vegetation (AV) may act as a pathway for PFAS entry into the food web.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence, accumulation, and spatiotemporal distribution of PFAS in estuarine AV in Florida.
  • To identify factors influencing PFAS uptake and accumulation in different AV species.
  • To assess the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of PFAS in AV and identify high-risk locations.

Main Methods:

  • AV samples were collected from eight locations across Florida.
  • PFAS were quantified using analytical chemistry techniques.
  • Bioconcentration factors (BCF) were calculated to assess PFAS accumulation from surface water.

Main Results:

  • PFAS were detected in AV at all sampling sites, with concentrations ranging from 0.18 to 55 ng/g ∑PFAS.
  • Twelve different PFAS compounds were identified, with macroalgae showing the highest concentrations.
  • The average BCF was 1225, indicating significant PFAS accumulation in AV. The Indian River Lagoon showed the highest PFAS levels.

Conclusions:

  • Estuarine aquatic vegetation in Florida accumulates significant levels of PFAS.
  • PFAS presence and concentration in AV are influenced by location, time, and plant species.
  • This research provides critical data on PFAS partitioning in aquatic environments and potential exposure routes for wildlife.