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Comprehensive Screening for EPA/DHA-Structured Phospholipids in Aquatic Products by a Specific Precursor Ion
Jing Xue1, Lijun Ge1, Honghai Wang1
1Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310023, China.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|May 11, 2023
Summary
This study screened 16 aquatic products for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-structured phospholipids (PLEPA/DHA). Antarctic krill, mackerel, and salmon were identified as rich sources of these beneficial compounds.
Area of Science:
- Food Science and Technology
- Analytical Chemistry
- Nutritional Biochemistry
Background:
- Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-structured phospholipids (PLEPA/DHA) offer significant cardiovascular benefits and enhanced bioavailability.
- Identifying and quantifying these functional phospholipids in natural sources is crucial for understanding their dietary value.
Purpose of the Study:
- To specifically screen and quantify the abundance of PLEPA/DHA in 16 different aquatic products.
- To characterize the varieties and contents of EPA/DHA-structured phosphatidylcholine (PCEPA/DHA) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PEEPA/DHA) molecular species.
- To identify the best aquatic sources for these valuable phospholipids.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a novel precursor ion scan-driven hydrophilic interaction chromatography-mass spectrometry (PreIS-HILIC/MS) method.
- Locked the fatty acyl moieties of EPA (m/z 301.6) and DHA (m/z 327.6) for selective detection.
- Employed multivariate statistical analysis to reveal discrepancies among aquatic products.
Main Results:
- Identified a total of 80 PLEPA/DHA molecules, including 47 PCEPA/DHA and 33 PEEPA/DHA species.
- PC 16:0/20:5 and PC 16:0/22:6 were ubiquitously present at high levels in all tested aquatic products.
- Antarctic krill (2574.69 μg·g-1), mackerel (2330.11 μg·g-1), and salmon (2109.91 μg·g-1) were the richest sources of total PLEPA/DHA.
Conclusions:
- This research provides a comprehensive overview of PLEPA/DHA composition in aquatic products.
- Highlights Antarctic krill, mackerel, and salmon as superior dietary sources of these functional phospholipids.
- The findings support the integrated development and utilization of aquatic resources for functional food applications.
