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Updated: Jul 30, 2025

Event-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy
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Event-related Potentials During Target-response Tasks to Study Cognitive Processes of Upper Limb Use in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy

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Intellectual Characteristics in Children With Congenital Unilateral Upper Limb Deficiencies

Hiroshi Mano1,2, Sayaka Fujiwara1, Chika Nishizaka1

  • 1Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, JPN.

Cureus
|May 11, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Children with upper limb deficiencies demonstrate average intelligence. Enhancing adaptive behaviors, including prosthetic use, may support cognitive development in children with motor disabilities.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric neurology
  • Developmental psychology
  • Rehabilitation medicine

Background:

  • Motor disabilities in children can impact cognitive development.
  • The relationship between upper limb impairments and intelligence requires further investigation.
  • Understanding intellectual characteristics is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intellectual profile of children with congenital upper limb deficiencies.
  • To determine the influence of upper limb impairments on cognitive abilities.
  • To explore the correlation between adaptive behaviors and intelligence.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed 10 children (4-6 years) with congenital unilateral transradial or transcarpal limb deficiencies.
  • Utilized the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) for cognitive evaluation.
  • Employed the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS) to assess adaptive behaviors, including motor skills.

Main Results:

  • No significant cognitive level differences were observed in children with upper limb deficiencies.
  • A significant positive correlation was found between the VABS Adaptive Behavior Composite Score and the WPPSI Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient.
  • Children with congenital limb deficiencies exhibited average cognitive functioning.

Conclusions:

  • Congenital upper limb deficiencies do not appear to negatively impact overall cognitive levels.
  • Promoting adaptive behaviors, such as prosthetic use, may foster intellectual growth in children with motor disabilities.
  • Early intervention focusing on functional adaptation can support cognitive development in pediatric populations.

Keywords:
adaptive behaviourcongenital limb deformitiesintelligencemotor skillupper limb function

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